Electrify Your Future with the 2025 NCEES FE Electrical & Computer Practice Exam!

A transformer operates by utilizing electromagnetic induction to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits. Its primary function in power systems is to adjust voltage levels, which is crucial for the efficient transmission of electricity.

When electricity is generated, it typically has a voltage that is suitable for use in local applications but too low for efficient long-distance transmission. To minimize energy losses over long distances, transformers step up the voltage to a higher level. This is achieved through the transformer's primary coil, which takes in input voltage, and the secondary coil, which delivers the higher output voltage due to the turns ratio between the coils.

Conversely, when electricity reaches its destination, transformers can also step down the high transmission voltage to a safer and more usable voltage level for residential or commercial use. This ability to change voltage levels helps maintain the efficiency of power systems, as higher voltages can significantly reduce the current, thus lowering resistive losses in the transmission lines.

The other functions suggested are not applicable to transformers. They do not generate energy, convert AC to DC, or regulate frequency; these activities are managed by different types of equipment or technology within power systems. By focusing solely on voltage transformation, transformers play a vital role in ensuring that electrical energy is delivered effectively and safely to